Description: Caption reads "Opening in back porch of house, located at 408 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, where slaves are said to have been stored awaiting shipment during slavery days. Photo by Writers' Projects. District #2. 11-12-36." The Underground Railroad was a system of safe houses and hiding places that helped runaway slaves escape to freedom in Canada, Mexico, and elsewhere outside of the United States. White and African-American "conductors" served as guides from place to place for runaway slaves. It remains unclear when the Underground Railroad began, but members of the Society of Friends, who were also known as the Quakers, were actively assisting runaway slaves as early as the 1780s. Some people living in Ohio began to help runaways by the 1810s. Several prominent abolitionists were from Ohio and they played a vital role in the Underground Railroad. Beginning in the late 1840s, Levi Coffin, a resident of Cincinnati, helped more than three thousand slaves escape from their masters and gain their freedom in Canada. Coffin's work caused his fellow abolitionists to nickname him the "president of the Underground Railroad." In Ripley, Presbyterian minister John Rankin served as a conductor and opened his home to African Americans seeking freedom. His home stood on a three hundred-foot high hill that overlooked the Ohio River. Rankin would signal runaway slaves in Kentucky with a lantern and let them know when it was safe for them to cross the Ohio River. He provided the runaways with shelter and kept them hidden until it was safe to travel further north. John Parker, Rankin's neighbor, brought hundreds of runaway slaves across the Ohio River in a boat. These men and many other people risked their lives to assist African Americans in their flight to freedom. Once they arrived in Ohio, some runaway slaves who decided to remain in the state. They usually settled in neighborhoods with other African Americans. Many runaway slaves continued on to Canada. At least eight cities, including Ashtabula, Painesville, Cleveland, Sandusky, Toledo, Huron, Lorain, and Conneaut, along Lake Erie served as starting points to transport the former slaves to freedom in Canada. Historian Wilbur Siebert believes approximately three thousand miles of Underground Railroad trails existed in Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F05_020_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; Underground Railroad--Ohio
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads "Suburban section, Cincinnati, Ohio" The photograph depicts a row of nearly identical two story houses with front porches and low stone fences, along a street in a Cincinnati suburb. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F05_022_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Suburbs
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads "Number 408 East Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. A slave station of the Underground Railway System, reputed to be 115 years old. Photo by Writers' Projects. District #12." The Underground Railroad was a system of safe houses and hiding places that helped runaway slaves escape to freedom in Canada, Mexico, and elsewhere outside of the United States. White and African-American "conductors" served as guides from place to place for runaway slaves. It remains unclear when the Underground Railroad began, but members of the Society of Friends, who were also known as the Quakers, were actively assisting runaway slaves as early as the 1780s. Some people living in Ohio began to help runaways by the 1810s. Several prominent abolitionists were from Ohio and they played a vital role in the Underground Railroad. Beginning in the late 1840s, Levi Coffin, a resident of Cincinnati, helped more than three thousand slaves escape from their masters and gain their freedom in Canada. Coffin's work caused his fellow abolitionists to nickname him the "president of the Underground Railroad." In Ripley, Presbyterian minister John Rankin served as a conductor and opened his home to African Americans seeking freedom. His home stood on a three hundred-foot high hill that overlooked the Ohio River. Rankin would signal runaway slaves in Kentucky with a lantern and let them know when it was safe for them to cross the Ohio River. He provided the runaways with shelter and kept them hidden until it was safe to travel further north. John Parker, Rankin's neighbor, brought hundreds of runaway slaves across the Ohio River in a boat. These men and many other people risked their lives to assist African Americans in their flight to freedom. Once they arrived in Ohio, some runaway slaves who decided to remain in the state. They usually settled in neighborhoods with other African Americans. Many runaway slaves continued on to Canada. At least eight cities, including Ashtabula, Painesville, Cleveland, Sandusky, Toledo, Huron, Lorain, and Conneaut, along Lake Erie served as starting points to transport the former slaves to freedom in Canada. Historian Wilbur Siebert believes approximately three thousand miles of Underground Railroad trails existed in Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F04_001_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; Underground Railroad--Ohio
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads "Stephen C. Foster. Marker. On Guilford School 4th Str. East of Broadway." Plaque reads "On the site of the school between the years 1846 - 1850 lived Stephen C. Foster - Master of the art of song; Composer of "My Old Kentucky Home", "Swanee River", "Old Black Joe" and many others; in native ballad form and melodic strain distinctively American. He sang of simple joys and pathos to all the world." Stephen Collins Foster was born July 4, 1826 and died January 13, 1864. He was known as the 'father of American music'. As well as the songs listed on the plaque pictured, he also wrote "Oh! Susanna", "Camptown Races" and "Beautiful Dreamer." Foster, originally from Lawrenceville (now Pittsburg), Pennsylvania, moved to Cincinnati, Ohio in 1846 to be a bookkeeper for his brother's steamship company. He was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970. The Guilford School located at 421 East Fourth Street, at the corner of Ludlow Street was a public elementary school designed by Frederick W. Garber and completed in 1914. The four story brick building was named after Nathan Guilford, Cincinnati's first Superintendent of Schools in 1850. There is a D.A.R. marker on site which indicates that this area was once part of the Fort Washington military reservation. The building has since been converted to apartments View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F06_010_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Public Schools; Foster, Stephen C.; Garber, Frederick; Guilford, Nathan, 1785-1854; Fort Washington (Ohio)
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads "D. of A. Marker. On Guilford School. 4th. Str. East of Broadway." Plaque reads "Fort Washington. The ground on which this building stands formed part of the Fort Washington Reservation. 1789 - 1808. This reservation was bounded on the north by Fourth Street, on the east by Ludlow Street, on the south by the Ohio River, on the West by Broadway, which was then the eastern boundary of the city. This tablet placed by the Cincinnati chapter Daughters of the American Revolution in 1913." The Guilford School located at 421 East Fourth Street, at the corner of Ludlow Street was a public elementary school designed by Frederick W. Garber and completed in 1914. The four story brick building was named after Nathan Guilford, Cincinnati's first Superintendent of Schools in 1850. There is a D.A.R. marker on site which indicates that this area was once part of the Fort Washington military reservation. The building has since been converted to apartments. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F06_012_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History; Fort Washington (Ohio); Daughters of the American Revolution. Cincinnati Chapter; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads "Cincinnati, Ohio. September 1937. Conservatory of Music. Highland Avenue and Oak Street, Cincinnati, Ohio." The Cincinnati Conservatory of Music was founded in 1867 by Clara Baur and was the first music school in the city. It was part of a girls’ finishing school known as Miss Nourse’s School for Young Ladies. The opening of the College of Music of Cincinnati in 1878 was a serious blow to the Conservatory but Miss Baur was able to recruit some first rate faculty which enabled the school to compete with its’ neighbors. The school began to thrive requiring several moves to accommodate their growing needs. In 1902, the Conservatory moved to the former Handy / Shillito Mansion on the corner of Highland Avenue and Oak Street in Cincinnati, Ohio. The Shillito Mansion, designed by J.W. McLaughlin for merchant John Shillito was finished in 1866 and is sometimes referred to as being in the Elizabethan Renaissance style. Seventy five thousand dollars were invested during this time for additional housing and other facilites to be built on the on the five acre grounds. Samuel Hannaford and Sons were hired to design an additional five story building south of the mansion, which contained classrooms, offices and housing. An auditorium was also built to the east of the main building during this time. Much attention was given to the permanency of these buildings, not only in safety and sanitary qualities, but also in regards to soundproofing and aesthetic qualities. Between 1910 and 1911 another addition was added, built in brick in the Jacobean style, to provide more dormitories and classrooms. During the next twenty years, several surrounding buildings were purchased as the school continued to grow, and it eventually covered ten acres of land. With the death of Clara Baur in 1912, her niece Bertha Baur took over direction and in 1930 gave the Conservatory to the Cincinnati Institute of Fine Arts, turning it into a non-profit organization. In 1955 The College of Music and the Conservatory of Music merged and became the Cincinnati College – Conservatory of Music and in 1962 joined the University of Cincinnati. Sometime after this, the building was demolished, but more information is needed as to the exact date. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_b03f03_004_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati Conservatory of Music; Music--Performance; Ohio--History--Pictorial works; Federal Writers' Project
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads "District #12, October 28, 1936. The scene of Laurel Homes project under construction by the P.W.A. branch of the Federal Government, which is erecting model homes to replace a vast area of unsightly slums occupied by Negroes in Cincinnati's west end. Photo by WPA Art Project's photographer". The Laurel Homes project was located on Lincoln Park Drive in Cincinnati, Ohio, between Linn Street and John Street, covering approximately 16 blocks. The buildings, designed by architects F.W. Garber and Associates, are three story, red brick buildings which were intended to be low rent apartments which would accommodate about 1039 families. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B02F14_038_1
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Laurel Homes; Architecture, Domestic--Ohio--Pictorial works.; Urban renewal
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads "Cinci., O., Sept. 1937. Peete Street." This photograph depicts Peete Street , at the corner of Antique Street in Cincinnati Ohio as it appeared in 1937. Peete Street is a narrow street near Jackson Hill Park that seems to be mostly residential. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_b03f03_025_001
Subjects: Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio)--History
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Art Museum -- Eden Park" Cincinnati Art Museum The Cincinnati Art Museum is located at 953 Eden Park Drive, in Eden Park. In 1880, Charles W. West of Cincinnati donated 150,000 dollars to the Cincinnati Museum Association to establish an art museum in the city. In 1886, the Cincinnati Art Museum opened, and became one of the leading art museums in the United States. The Romanesque Revival style building was designed by James W. McLaughlin. In 1881, the Cincinnati Museum Association convinced the McMicken School of Drawing and Design to relocate to the Cincinnati Art Museum. McMicken College later became the University of Cincinnati. The college agreed to turn over all operations of The School of Drawing and Design to the Cincinnati Museum Association. The school became known as the Art Academy of Cincinnati. Established in 1887, the academy has trained artists for more than a century. In 1998, the Art Academy of Cincinnati legally separated from the museum and became an independent college of art and design and has since moved to another location. By the early twenty-first century, the Cincinnati Art Museum contained works of art spanning more than five thousand years. Its holdings include works by Picasso, Matisse, and El Greco. The museum also owns a number of works by Frank Duveneck and other local artists. Eden Park Located between Gilbert Avenue and Columbia Parkway (U.S.) and comprised of about 185 acres in the Mount Adams community of Cincinnati, Ohio, Eden Park was assembled by a series of purchases beginning in 1859. The name came, naturally, from the Garden of Eden and was given by Nicholas Longworth who owned a large tract which constitutes the main portion of the park. Eden Park is the home of the Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati Art Academy, the Navigation Monument, the Capitoline Wolf Statue, and the Irwin M. Krohn (Eden Park) Conservatory. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F07_023_1
Subjects: Parks--Cincinnati (Ohio); Parks--Ohio--Cincinnati; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Art Museum; Cincinnati Art Museum
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Art Museum -- Eden Park" Cincinnati Art Museum The Cincinnati Art Museum is located at 953 Eden Park Drive, in Eden Park. In 1880, Charles W. West of Cincinnati donated 150,000 dollars to the Cincinnati Museum Association to establish an art museum in the city. In 1886, the Cincinnati Art Museum opened, and became one of the leading art museums in the United States. The Romanesque Revival style building was designed by James W. McLaughlin. In 1881, the Cincinnati Museum Association convinced the McMicken School of Drawing and Design to relocate to the Cincinnati Art Museum. McMicken College later became the University of Cincinnati. The college agreed to turn over all operations of The School of Drawing and Design to the Cincinnati Museum Association. The school became known as the Art Academy of Cincinnati. Established in 1887, the academy has trained artists for more than a century. In 1998, the Art Academy of Cincinnati legally separated from the museum and became an independent college of art and design and has since moved to another location. By the early twenty-first century, the Cincinnati Art Museum contained works of art spanning more than five thousand years. Its holdings include works by Picasso, Matisse, and El Greco. The museum also owns a number of works by Frank Duveneck and other local artists. Eden Park Located between Gilbert Avenue and Columbia Parkway (U.S.) and comprised of about 185 acres in the Mount Adams community of Cincinnati, Ohio, Eden Park was assembled by a series of purchases beginning in 1859. The name came, naturally, from the Garden of Eden and was given by Nicholas Longworth who owned a large tract which constitutes the main portion of the park. Eden Park is the home of the Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati Art Academy, the Navigation Monument, the Capitoline Wolf Statue, and the Irwin M. Krohn (Eden Park) Conservatory. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F07_024_1
Subjects: Parks--Cincinnati (Ohio); Parks--Ohio--Cincinnati; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Art Museum; Cincinnati Art Museum
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: The Cincinnati Art Museum, seen here, is located at 953 Eden Park Drive, in Eden Park. In 1880, Charles W. West of Cincinnati donated 150,000 dollars to the Cincinnati Museum Association to establish an art museum in the city. In 1886, the Cincinnati Art Museum opened, and became one of the leading art museums in the United States. The Romanesque Revival style building was designed by James W. McLaughlin. In 1881, the Cincinnati Museum Association convinced the McMicken School of Drawing and Design to relocate to the Cincinnati Art Museum. McMicken College later became the University of Cincinnati. The college agreed to turn over all operations of The School of Drawing and Design to the Cincinnati Museum Association. The school became known as the Art Academy of Cincinnati. Established in 1887, the academy has trained artists for more than a century. In 1998, the Art Academy of Cincinnati legally separated from the museum and became an independent college of art and design and has since moved to another location. By the early twenty-first century, the Cincinnati Art Museum contained works of art spanning more than five thousand years. Its holdings include works by Picasso, Matisse, and El Greco. The museum also owns a number of works by Frank Duveneck and other local artists. Eden Park Located between Gilbert Avenue and Columbia Parkway (U.S.) and comprised of about 185 acres in the Mount Adams community of Cincinnati, Ohio, Eden Park was assembled by a series of purchases beginning in 1859. The name came, naturally, from the Garden of Eden and was given by Nicholas Longworth who owned a large tract which constitutes the main portion of the park. Eden Park is the home of the Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati Art Academy, the Navigation Monument, the Capitoline Wolf Statue, and the Irwin M. Krohn (Eden Park) Conservatory. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F09_006_1
Subjects: Parks--Cincinnati (Ohio); Parks--Ohio--Cincinnati; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Art Museum; Cincinnati Art Museum
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)
 

Description: Caption reads: "District #12 American Guide Photograph Taken in the Duveneck room located on the second floor of the Cincinnati Art Museum, Eden Park, Cincinnati, Ohio. In the center is the memorial of Elizabeth Book Duveneck. Among a large number of paintings by this Cincinnati artist can be seen: 'Young Girl With Dark Eyes'; 'Landscape, Poling, Bavaria'; 'Boy in Cloak'; portrait of Frank Duveneck, by Dixie Selden; 'Little Italian Boy'; 'At Anchor, Venice'; 'Girl in Black Hood'; 'Girl With Orange Shawl'; 'The Blacksmith'; 'Little Girl in Gray'; portrait of Mrs. Marie Danforth Page; 'Guard of the Harem'; portrait of John W. Alexander'; 'Blue Boy'; and a study of a nude; 'Whistling Boy'. Photo by Federal Writers' Photographer 12-17-36." Cincinnati Art Museum The Cincinnati Art Museum is located at 953 Eden Park Drive, in Eden Park. In 1880, Charles W. West of Cincinnati donated 150,000 dollars to the Cincinnati Museum Association to establish an art museum in the city. In 1886, the Cincinnati Art Museum opened, and became one of the leading art museums in the United States. The Romanesque Revival style building was designed by James W. McLaughlin. In 1881, the Cincinnati Museum Association convinced the McMicken School of Drawing and Design to relocate to the Cincinnati Art Museum. McMicken College later became the University of Cincinnati. The college agreed to turn over all operations of The School of Drawing and Design to the Cincinnati Museum Association. The school became known as the Art Academy of Cincinnati. Established in 1887, the academy has trained artists for more than a century. In 1998, the Art Academy of Cincinnati legally separated from the museum and became an independent college of art and design and has since moved to another location. By the early twenty-first century, the Cincinnati Art Museum contained works of art spanning more than five thousand years. Its holdings include works by Picasso, Matisse, and El Greco. The museum also owns a number of works by Frank Duveneck and other local artists. Eden Park Located between Gilbert Avenue and Columbia Parkway (U.S.) and comprised of about 185 acres in the Mount Adams community of Cincinnati, Ohio, Eden Park was assembled by a series of purchases beginning in 1859. The name came, naturally, from the Garden of Eden and was given by Nicholas Longworth who owned a large tract which constitutes the main portion of the park. Eden Park is the home of the Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati Art Academy, the Navigation Monument, the Capitoline Wolf Statue, and the Irwin M. Krohn (Eden Park) Conservatory. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B03F07_014_1
Subjects: Parks--Cincinnati (Ohio); Parks--Ohio--Cincinnati; Cincinnati (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc.; Cincinnati (Ohio). Art Museum; Cincinnati Art Museum
Places: Cincinnati (Ohio); Hamilton County (Ohio)